Definition:

A soft landing is a technique in aviation that involves landing an aircraft smoothly on the ground without exceeding the aircraft’s speed or damaging its landing gear.

Process:

1. Flaps Down: Flaps are extended to increase lift and reduce drag, improving the aircraft’s maneuverability and low-speed stability.

2. Smooth Power Reduction: The pilot smoothly reduces the throttle with the approach speed, allowing the aircraft to decelerate naturally.

3. Spoilers Extended: Spoilers are extended as the aircraft nears the ground to reduce lift and increase drag, helping to stabilize the aircraft.

4. Touchdown: The aircraft gently touches down on the runway smoothly, with the landing gear absorbing the impact.

5. After-Landing Procedures: After touchdown, the pilot completes after-landing procedures such as braking, taxiing, and parking.

Requirements:

• Adequate runway length
• Suitable weather conditions
• Properly functioning landing gear and brakes
• Skilled pilot

Benefits:

• Reduced risk of injury to passengers and crew
• Minimized damage to aircraft
• Improved passenger comfort
• Enhanced safety and stability

Examples:

• Airliners landing smoothly on the ground
• Helicopters landing on small pads
• Paramotors gliding to a soft landing

Additional Notes:

• Soft landings require practice and skill, and are often mastered by experienced pilots.
• The specific techniques and procedures may vary slightly depending on the aircraft type and operating conditions.
• Safety regulations require pilots to maintain a safe landing distance from obstacles and persons.