Bond Yield Calculator

What is Bond Yield?

Bond yield is how much return you can earn from investing in a bond. When we talk about yield, we usually refer to a percentage that tells us how much we can expect to gain in a year. Below are some of the main types of bond yields.

1. Current Yield: This measures the coupon payment as a percentage of the bond’s current market price. For e.g., if the bond with a face value of INR 1,000 is trading at INR 900 and the coupon payment is INR 50, then the current yield is 5.56%.
2. Yield to Maturity (YTM): YTM is the total return an investor anticipates if they hold a bond until maturity, factoring in all future coupon payments, any capital gains or losses and redemption value. It considers the bond’s price, face value, coupon payments, and remaining time until maturity.

What is a Bond Yield Calculator?

A bond yield calculator is a financial tool that helps investors determine the current yield and yield to maturity of a particular bond. It is important because bonds, as fixed-income securities, can have their returns affected by several factors, and the bond calculator helps to quantify those returns.

How Can Bond Yield Calculator Help You?

A bond yield calculator helps investors and traders in making sound investment decisions. Some of the important benefits of the calculator are as follows:

1. Comparing Investment Opportunities

• Investors can compare different bonds with varying coupon rates, market prices, face value, and maturities to find the investment based on current yield and YTM.
• This can help you figure out if a bond is giving you a good yield when you compare it to other options such as stocks, real estate, or other bonds.

2. Evaluating Market Conditions

• Rising yields indicate higher interest rates, which could mean an economic slowdown or inflation worries.
• On the other hand, falling yields often suggest a lower interest rate because of RBI policies aimed at increasing economic growth.

3. Analyzing Risk and Return

• A higher yield shows a higher-risk investment, e.g., corporate or junk bonds.
• A lower yield is often linked with safer investments, e.g., government bonds.

4. Estimating Total Return on Investment

Analysis of yield to maturity reflects the actual return an investor can expect if they hold the bond until maturity.

5. Portfolio Management & Diversification

Investors use bond yields to make a diversified bond portfolio. They usually combine high-yield bonds with safer investments to make sure they don’t risk too much.

How Does a Bond Yield Calculator Work?

Here is a breakdown of how a bond yield calculator works.

1. User Inputs: To calculate the bond yield, enter the following information:

• Face Value:The amount the bond will be worth at maturity.
• Market Price:The current price at which the bond is trading.
• Coupon Rate:The percentage of the face value paid as a coupon to investors.
• Time to Maturity:The number of years remaining until the bond matures.

2. Yield Calculations: The calculator uses these inputs to calculate the current bond yield and Yield to Maturity (YTM).

3. Output: The bond yield calculator gives the Current Yield and YTM values, helping investors determine:

• If the bond is a good investment compared to alternatives.
• The risk versus reward depends on yield values and whether to hold, sell, or buy other bonds.

Formula to Calculate Bond Yield

Here are some important formulas to remember while calculating bond yields:

1. Current YieldCY = (Annual Coupon Amount/ Current Price) * 100
   Example – If a bond has an INR 50 annual coupon and a current price of INR 900, then the yield will be as follows:
   CY = (50/900) * 100
   CY = 5.56%
2. Yield To MaturityP = ∑(C / [1+YTM]^t) + (F / [1+YTM]^T)
   Where,

P	Current Price
C	Coupon Payment = Coupon Rate * Face Value
F	Face Value (par value)
T	Years to Maturity

Yield to Maturity (YTM) is found using trial and error, numerical methods, or a financial calculator since the equation cannot be solved algebraically.

Example of Bond Yield Calculation

Suppose an investor is evaluating a bond with the following details:

Face Value = INR 1,000
Market Price = INR 900
Coupon Rate: 5%
Years to Maturity = 10

We will calculate the CY and Yield to Maturity.

CY = 5.56 % (Already calculated above)
YTM = 6.38% (After trial and error)

How to Use Pocketful Bond Yield Calculator?

Step 1: Enter the Current Price

Input the market price at which the bond is currently trading (e.g., INR 900)

Step 2: Enter the Face Value

Enter the bond’s face value (par value), which is the amount it will be worth at maturity (e.g., INR 1,000)

Step 3: Adjust the Coupon Rate

Use the slider to set the bond’s annual coupon rate (e.g., 7% per annum).

Step 4: Select the Maturity Period

Adjust the slider to set the bond’s maturity period (e.g., 10 years).

Step 5: View the Calculated Yields

The calculator will show you the CY & YTM, which are 7.78% and 8.53%.